14/01/2026
Here are Christian-majority or Christian-ruled regions that were historically conquered by Islamic empires (mainly between the 7th–15th centuries). This is historical, not a statement about modern countries or religions today.
Middle East & North Africa
Syria – Byzantine Christian territory
Egypt – Coptic Christian land under Byzantines
Israel / Palestine – Christian-ruled Byzantine provinces
Lebanon – Predominantly Christian (Maronite)
Jordan – Byzantine Christian
Iraq – Strong Christian communities under Persian/Byzantine influence
Libya – Christian North African province
Tunisia (Carthage) – Christian center
Algeria – Christian Roman/Byzantine territory
Morocco – Christian Berber regions
Europe
Spain (Visigothic Kingdom) – Conquered in 711 (Al-Andalus)
Portugal – Part of Al-Andalus
Southern France (briefly) – Raids and short control
Sicily (Italy) – Conquered in the 9th century
Crete (Greece) – Emirate of Crete
Cyprus (partially, at times)
Balkans (later period under Ottomans):
Greece
Bulgaria
Serbia
Bosnia
Albania
Romania (parts)
Anatolia
Turkey (Asia Minor) – Formerly the heartland of Eastern Christianity (Byzantine Empire)
Important Notes
Most of these regions were Christian long before Islam existed.
Many remained religiously mixed for centuries after conquest.
Some later returned to Christian rule (e.g., Spain during the Reconquista).
Modern religious demographics are the result of centuries of history, not just conquest.