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rubuce-rubucen adabin da aka yi a Sudan ta tsakiya da yammacin shekara ta 1000 Miladiyya, lokacin da Musulunci ya fara b...
29/12/2023

rubuce-rubucen adabin da aka yi a Sudan ta tsakiya da yammacin shekara ta 1000 Miladiyya, lokacin da Musulunci ya fara bayyana a Afirka ta Yamma, har zuwa 1802. A yanzu an yi amfani da Larabci sosai wajen diflomasiyya da wasiku a duk yankin.

Usman dan Fodio ya raba yakin da ya yi tsakanin dan uwansa Abdullahi da ke mulkin yammacin masarautar da kuma dansa Muhammad Bello wanda ya mulki yankin gabashin Masarautar har da jihohin kasar Hausa. A karshen mulkin Bello a shekara ta 1837, Daular Sokoto, mai yawan mutane miliyan 20, ta zama daula mafi yawan jama'a a yammacin Afrika. Dan Fodio, wanda ya fara rayuwarsa a matsayin malami mai akida kuma masanin tauhidi wanda da farko ya yi watsi da takobi, daga karshe ya zama mai karfi kuma mai ba da umarni na babban daular soji. Ya rasu a ranar 20 ga Afrilu, 1817 a Sakkwato.

Live TVIN FOCUSIsrael at warRussia's war in UkraineHISTORYUsman dan Fodio: Sokoto Caliphate founder02/24/2020February 24...
29/12/2023

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HISTORY

Usman dan Fodio: Sokoto Caliphate founder

02/24/2020February 24, 2020

He was a religious teacher who became the leader of a revolution: Usman dan Fodio, respectfully referred to as Sheikh, criticized the elites and changed the political system in present-day northern Nigeria.



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Usman dan Fodio: Sokoto Caliphate founder

What was Usman dan Fodio's background?

Usman dan Fodio was born on December 15, 1754 in the village of Maratta, in the Hausa-speaking city state of Gobir, in what is today northern Nigeria. He studied law, theology and philosophy in Agadez (in what is today Niger Republic) under Islamic scholar Jibril Ibn Umar. Because of his religious knowledge and authority, he later came to be referred to respectfully as Sheikh Usman.

How come Usman dan Fodio opposed the ruling system?

After completing his studies, he went back to Gobir and began to preach Islam to the people, who at that time mixed paganism with Islam. His popularity grew in Gobir and got to a stage where the then King of Gobir, Rimfa, saw Usman dan Fodio as a threat and attempted to assassinate him. Usman escaped and started moving among rural communities preaching, teaching and writing.

In the year 1803, Sheikh Usman and hundreds of his followers migrated to Gudu where he continued to propagate Islam. While at Gudu, Usman dan Fodio declared a holy war (jihad) against King Yunfa of Gobir (Rimfa's son and successor) and his people as he felt their way of life did not correspond with the teaching of Islam.

How did Usman dan Fodio establish the Sokoto Caliphate?

The declaration of the holy war spread across the Hausaland and many people volunteered to join his army. In 1804, he formally declared a holy war on the whole of Hausaland. In 1808, Usman and his followers conquered Gobir, Kano, and other Hausa city-states. He retired from battle in 1811 and returned to teaching and writing but his armies continue

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