S Beet

04/23/2025

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03/23/2024

Beets are especially good for heart health because they are rich in folic acid. Folic acid is one of the 13 essential vitamins our body needs. It plays a key role in the growth, development and health of the heart.

Beetroot is also useful for maintaining the health of the digestive system, thanks to the fiber content in its composition.

It is able to fight chronic inflammatory processes. Scientists associate such processes with obesity, heart and liver diseases, as well as cancer. Fortunately, beets contain pigments called betalains. Research shows that betalains have anti-inflammatory properties.

Beets are useful even for the brain. Mental and cognitive function naturally declines with age, and this can increase the risk of neurodegenerative disorders such as dementia. Nitrates in beets can improve brain function by dilating blood vessels and thus increasing blood flow to the brain.

03/23/2024

History. Beets were domesticated before 2000 BC. It was cultivated by the ancient Greeks and Romans. At first, people learned to use beet tops as food, and only later did they appreciate the root crop itself.

Contribution to the economy. Sugar beet is one of the most important technical plants for the economy of Ukraine. After all, it is the base of the sugar industry. As of 2019, Ukraine was among the top 10 countries in the world by the number of tons of sugar beet grown.

Beauty. Historically, many cultures used beets as a natural dye for fabrics. And also as cosmetics: blush for cheeks, lipstick and even temporary hair dye.

03/22/2024

The root of wild and leaf beets is taprooted, woody, and completely immersed in the soil. The wild form has a thin root; annual plant. In the cultivated variety, the root is fleshy and juicy, thick (root crop), in most varieties it protrudes above the soil surface; biennial plant.

In the first year, it develops only the root and rosette of basal bare large, ovoid, obtuse, slightly heart-shaped at the base, wavy leaves on long petioles along the edge; in the second year, and sometimes by the end of the first year, a leafy stem appears on the fleshy root from the middle of the leaf rosette, reaching 0.5 and even 1.25 meters in height.

The stem is herbaceous, erect, strongly branched, grooved-grained; the leaves on it are alternate small, almost sessile, oblong or lanceolate; in the axils of the upper leaves, bunches (2-3) of small, dim sessile flowers appear, forming complex long leafy spikes. The flowers are bisexual, consisting of a green or whitish cup-shaped five-lobed perianth, five stamens attached to a fleshy ring surrounding the o***y, and a pistil with a semi-inferior single-locular o***y and two stigmas. Cross-pollination by small insects.

The fruit is a compressed single seed, fused with the perianth when ripe. Since the bunches of flowers grow together, a whole fruit cluster with 2-6 fruits (“beet seed”) is obtained. There are seeds under the cap inside the fruit. In the USSR, sugar beets with single-seeded fruits were bred.

03/21/2024

In the 16th-17th centuries, it was differentiated into table and fodder forms; in the 18th century, sugar beets emerged from the hybrid forms of fodder beets. From the end of the 19th century into the 20th century, culture spread to all continents.

Sugar beet
By the end of the 18th century, sugar beets with a sugar content of about 6% were developed in Silesia and a technology for producing commercial sugar from it was developed; before that, only colonial cane sugar was used. This made it possible for states and countries with cool climates, where it is impossible to cultivate sugar cane, to produce their own product. In 1801, the first sugar factory in Silesia was opened by royal decree. With the outbreak of the Napoleonic Wars, supplies of cane sugar to Western Europe fell sharply as a result of the British naval blockade, which contributed to the rapid growth of sugar-beet production. At the direction of Napoleon, about 28 thousand hectares were allocated in France for planting sugar beets and a million francs were allocated for training in sugar production. In Germany, in 1810, sugar production was taxed on the amount of waste, which contributed to the development of more sugary varieties. In 1837, France became the world leader in sugar beet production. By 1840, 5% of the world's sugar was produced from beets, by 1880 - already 50%.

In Russia in 1801, the Moscow pharmacist Bindheim presented to the government a project for extracting sugar from beets. His sugar was found harmless, and Bindheim was allowed to open sugar-making courses. The first beet sugar factory in Russia was opened in 1802 by Major General Yegor Blankennagel in the village of Alyabyevo, Chernsky district, Tula province (currently the territory of the Alyabyevsky farm in the Mtsensk district of the Oryol region). The widespread development of beet sugar production in the country began in the 1850s thanks to government subsidies. In 1897, 236 factories were already operating in Russia, the productivity of which was 45 million poods of sugar.

03/20/2024

Before domestication, wild beets were used as food. Wild beets are still found in Iran, on the coasts of the Mediterranean, Black and Caspian Seas, as well as in India and China.

2 thousand years BC, beets were known but unloved in Ancient Persia, where they were considered a symbol of quarrels and gossip, and were used as a leafy and medicinal plant. In the 2nd millennium BC. e. Swiss chard was introduced into cultivation (presumably on the islands of the Mediterranean Sea) as a medicinal and vegetable plant. The first root forms appeared (according to Theophrastus) and were well known by the 4th century BC. e.

The ancient Romans included beets in the list of their favorite dishes; they ate not only the roots, but also the leaves, previously soaked in peppered wine.

By the beginning of the century e. cultural forms of ordinary root beet appeared; in the X-XI centuries they were known in Ancient Rus', in the XIII-XIV centuries - in the states and countries of Western Europe.

Beets were popular in Rus', where they came from Byzantium in the 10th century (the word “beets” comes from the Greek σεῦκλον). The Englishman Clark, who traveled around Russia in the 17th century, states in his “Travels in Russia” that beets, cut into circles, with ginger seasoning, were served in Russia to stimulate the appetite before dinner, and beet greens were added to okroshka and boiled in soups, hence the name of the dish made from beetroot - borscht.

03/20/2024

03/16/2024

Beetroot is an annual, biennial or perennial herbaceous plant; species of the genus Beetroot of the Amaranthaceae family, subfamily Chenopodiaceae; previously Chenopodiaceae were considered as an independent family Chenopodiaceae. An important agricultural plant, it is cultivated everywhere over large areas as a vegetable crop for its root crops.

In Poland, Ukraine and Belarus, “beets” are called “burak” or “burak”.
The Russian word “beet” is formed from the plural. h. Greek σεῦκλα(Church Slav. beet, Bulgarian tsveklo) through oral speech. The word "σεῦκλα" is a derivative of "σέσκουλο". In Greek, this is the name for chard - a biennial herbaceous plant related to beets, a subspecies of beets, characterized by its long stems and leaves (up to 30 cm) similar to spinach. Actually, the Greeks call beets “παντζάρι”.